DESCRIPTION

CTRL (Copper Transporter) is a transmembrane protein belonging to the CTR family, primarily responsible for the uptake of extracellular copper ions and their distribution within the cell. It is highly conserved across various species and is crucial for maintaining cellular copper homeostasis. CTRL captures copper ions through its N-terminal extracellular domain and transports them into the cell, ensuring their proper distribution within the cell. Dysfunction of CTRL is associated with a variety of diseases, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs.

PRINCIPLE OF THE ASSAY

Sandwich ELISA structure (Detection antibody labeled with HRP) A capture antibody is pre-coated onto the bottom of wells which binds to analyte of interest. A detection antibody labeled with HRP also binds to the analyte. TMB acts as the HRP substrate and the solution color will change from colorless to blue. A stop solution containing sulfuric acid turns solution yellow. The color intensity is proportional to the quantity of bound protein which is measurable at 450 nm with the correction wavelength set at 630 nm.

PRECISION

Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay) Three samples of known concentration were tested 8 times on one plate to assess intra-assay precision. Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays) Three samples of known concentration were tested in 16 separate assays to assess inter-assay precision.

Intra-assay Precision

Sample	n	Mean (pg/mL)	SD	CV%
1	8	1,339.6	38.6	2.9
2	8	323.1	18.6	5.8
3	8	158.3	5.6	3.6

Inter-assay Precision

Sample	n	Mean (pg/mL)	SD	CV%
1	16	1,339.8	47.7	3.6
2	16	317.4	20.9	6.6
3	16	161.3	7.3	4.5

RECOVERY

The recovery of human CTRL spiked to three different levels throughout the range of the assay in cell lysate was evaluated.

Sample Type		Average% of Expected	Range (%)
Cell lysate	1:16	96	93-99

LINEARITY

To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were diluted with the appropriate Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.

		Cell lysate
1:2	Average% of Expected	100
	Range (%)	-
1:4	Average% of Expected	91
	Range (%)	84-98
1:8	Average% of Expected	101
	Range (%)	87-116
1:16	Average% of Expected	102
	Range (%)	76-128

CALIBRATION

This immunoassay is calibrated against a highly purified recombinant human Human CTRL Sandwich ELISA Kit produced at Sunlong Medical™.