DESCRIPTION

PPA1 (Inorganic pyrophosphatase), also named as IOPPP, PP and PPase, is an enzyme indispensable for maintaining energy metabolism and belongs to Soluble Pyrophosphatases (PPase) family. It maintains the thermodynamic favorability of these reactions by catalyzing the hydrolysis of pyrophosphates into organic phosphates, which are then exported across the cell membrane. PPA1 is predominantly found in a homodimeric or -tetrameric form, is pivotal to cellular metabolism as it facilitates the hydrolysis of PPi-a by-product of various metabolic processes that influence cell growth and differentiation. PPA1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumors and is involved in proliferation, invasion, and metastasis during tumor development, through the JNK/p53, Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathways.

PRINCIPLE OF THE ASSAY

Sandwich ELISA structure (Detection antibody labeled with HRP) A capture antibody is pre-coated onto the bottom of wells which binds to analyte of interest. A detection antibody labeled with HRP also binds to the analyte. TMB acts as the HRP substrate and the solution color will change from colorless to blue. A stop solution containing sulfuric acid turns solution yellow. The color intensity is proportional to the quantity of bound protein which is measurable at 450 nm with the correction wavelength set at 630 nm.

PRECISION

Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay) Three samples of known concentration were tested 8 times on one plate to assess intra-assay precision. Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays) Three samples of known concentration were tested in 16 separate assays to assess inter-assay precision.

Intra-assay Precision

Sample	n	Mean (ng/mL)	SD	CV%
1	8	29.40	1.33	4.52
2	8	7.02	0.27	3.79
3	8	3.64	0.16	4.52

Inter-assay Precision

Sample	n	Mean (ng/mL)	SD	CV%
1	16	29.17	1.45	4.98
2	16	6.69	0.66	9.85
3	16	3.44	0.30	8.84

RECOVERY

The recovery of human PPA1 spiked to three different levels throughout the range of the assay in cell lysate was evaluated.

Sample Type		Average% of Expected	Range (%)
Cell lysate	1:40	95	91-98

LINEARITY

To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were diluted with the appropriate Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay. (The cell lysate was initially diluted 1:5. )

		Cell lysate
1:2	Average% of Expected	100
	Range (%)	-
1:4	Average% of Expected	94
	Range (%)	92-98
1:8	Average% of Expected	94
	Range (%)	92-96
1:16	Average% of Expected	105
	Range (%)	96-110

CALIBRATION

This immunoassay is calibrated against a highly purified recombinant human Human PPA1 Sandwich ELISA Kit produced at Sunlong Medical™.

Ordering & shipping

• Minimum order: 1 kit
• Lead time: varies with order quantity and specifications. Please consult your local distributor or our sales team for confirmation
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• Price: USD, per kit (48T / 96T options available)